Oracle Foundations

Oracle Database New Versions – Licensing & Timelines

As a project manager or solution architect, staying up-to-date with the latest database technology is important to ensure your organisation runs efficiently and effectively. Oracle has recently released two new database versions, Oracle Database 21c and 23c, which offer several new features and updates. In this article, we’ll discuss the licensing types available in Oracle Database 21c and how long it is supported, highlight the new features, and compare the installation cost in Oracle Cloud OCI with AWS EC2 instances.

Types of Licensing in Oracle Database 21c

Oracle Database 21c offers different licensing options depending on your organization’s needs. The first is Standard Edition 2, which is designed for small to medium-sized businesses that require basic functionality. The Enterprise Edition offers more advanced features, such as high availability and advanced security. The Enterprise Edition can also be licensed on a per-user basis or per-core basis, depending on your organization’s needs.

It’s important to note that Oracle offers a new type of license for Oracle Database 21c called the Universal License. This license allows customers to use any feature in the Enterprise Edition for a flat fee. This is a departure from the previous model, where customers would have to purchase individual licenses for each feature they wanted to use.

More about License in Oracle

Oracle Database 21c Support

Oracle Database 21c is currently supported until at least 2026, giving organizations ample time to upgrade from previous versions. It’s important to note that support for previous versions, such as Oracle Database 19c, will eventually end, so it’s a good idea to start planning your upgrade path sooner rather than later.

New Features in Oracle Database 21c

Oracle Database 21c offers several new features and updates that can benefit your organization. Here are a few of the most notable:

Cost of Installation in Oracle Cloud OCI and AWS EC2 Instance

Installing Oracle Database 21c in Oracle Cloud OCI is relatively straightforward. Oracle Cloud OCI offers several different pricing options, including pay-per-use and subscription models. The cost will depend on factors such as the size of your database, the number of users, and the level of support you require.

Comparing the cost of installation in Oracle Cloud OCI to AWS EC2 instances can be difficult, as the cost will depend on a variety of factors. However, Oracle Cloud OCI offers several advantages, such as built-in support for Oracle Database and seamless integration with other Oracle Cloud services.

Per-core licensing is a licensing model in which an organization licenses the Oracle Database based on the number of physical or virtual cores used by the database. There are different types of per-core licensing models available, including named-user plus and processor-based licensing. Here are the differences and examples of each:

Named-User Plus Licensing: Named-user plus licensing is a per-core licensing model that requires an organization to license the Oracle Database based on the number of users who will be accessing the database. Each named user requires a license, regardless of how many physical or virtual cores are used by the database. This option can be cost-effective for organizations with a relatively small number of users accessing the database.

For example, if an organization has 50 named users who will be accessing the database, and the database is running on a server with 16 cores, the organization would need to purchase 50 named-user-plus licenses. The number of cores used by the database would not affect the number of licenses required.

Processor-Based Licensing: Processor-based licensing is a per-core licensing model that requires an organization to license the Oracle Database based on the number of physical or virtual cores used by the database. The number of licenses required is based on the number of cores allocated to the database, regardless of the number of users accessing the database. This option can be cost-effective for organizations with a larger number of users accessing the database or for databases that require a high number of cores to perform efficiently.

For example, if an organization has 500 users who will be accessing the database, and the database is running on a server with 16 cores, the organization would need to purchase licenses for each core on the server. If the organization chooses processor-based licensing, it would need to purchase eight (8) licenses, one for each core on the server.

Estimating the cost of Processor-Based Licensing for an OCI Server VM.Standard 2.8 with 8 VCPUs would depend on several factors, such as the version of the Oracle Database being used, the level of support required, and any additional Oracle products or options being used.

However, as an example, let’s assume you are using Oracle Database Standard Edition 2 and require processor-based licensing. According to Oracle’s current pricing (as of March 2023), the cost of a processor license for Oracle Database Standard Edition 2 is $17,500 USD.

For a VM.Standard2.8 instance with 8 VCPUs, you would need to purchase eight (8) processor licenses. Therefore, the estimated cost of processor-based licensing for this instance would be 8 x $17,500 = $140,000 USD.

It’s important to note that this is just an estimation, and the actual cost may vary depending on the specific licensing requirements and any discounts or promotions available from Oracle. It’s recommended to consult with an Oracle representative to get a more accurate estimate based on your specific licensing needs.

Example No 2 – Cost

Let’s say we’re looking at purchasing a Dell EMC PowerEdge R740 server with two Intel Xeon Silver 4214 CPUs. According to Dell’s website, the list price for this server configuration is approximately $9,500.

It’s important to note that this price is for the server hardware only and does not include any software licenses or additional services that may be required. The total cost of a server with more than one CPU will depend on various factors, including the brand and model of the server, the number of CPUs, the amount of memory and storage, and any additional software licenses or services that may be required. Organizations should carefully consider their requirements and budget before selecting a server configuration and pricing option.

Conclusion

Oracle Database 21c and 23c offer several new features and updates that can benefit organizations of all sizes. Understanding the types of licensing available, support timelines, and new features is essential for project managers and solution architects to make informed decisions.

Oracle 12c onwards – Multitenant Architecture

Several of our readers have suggested that we put information about Oracle 12c onwards and its new “Multitenant” concept, which is revolutionary instead of the traditional way but retains many of the concepts in its previous versions; my idea is to introduce them as quickly as possible to Oracle Database with advanced concepts already created and managed for 20 years, let’s get into the subject; CBD and PDB. Oracle 12c has made a big change in its architecture and has presented a new concept, Container Database and Pluggable Database; here we are going to present you a clear and precise concept with our methodology in BLOCKS.

Overview and History

Oracle 12c Release 1 (12.1) in 2013 introduces the concept of Multitenant for your star product Oracle Database 12c onwards. As many of you know, Oracle 11g opened many doors to those concepts such as Performance Diagnostics, SQL Tuning, Oracle Grid Control and many other enhancements. Many of you perhaps know that ‘g’ stands for ‘Grid’ which offers supporting grid computing features such as automatic load balancing, and after the 12c version, the letter has changed for ‘c’ stands for ‘Cloud’. Multitenant helps companies to consolidate databases into private or public clouds.

PDB, CDB and Root Concepts

What are PDB and CDB? Before starting with the definition of those new concepts, I will contextualise in easy words what CDB contains, basically Oracle metadata, in other words, sys and system schemas. PDB contains user data; in other words, our appreciate customer data.

About Containers Database

Every CDB has the following containers:

• Exactly one root

The root stores Oracle-supplied metadata and common users. An example of metadata is the source code for Oracle-supplied PL/SQL packages. A common user is a database user known in every container. The root container is named CDB$ROOT.